I-Acrylate isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni izinto ezihlukahlukene ze-polymer ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokuguga, ukucaca okuphezulu kanye nokuzinza kombala.Lezi zakhiwo zivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi amapulasitiki, ama-varnish aphansi, ama-coatings, izindwangu, amapende kanye nama-adhesives.Uhlobo nenani lama-acrylate monomers asetshenzisiwe anomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo wokugcina, okuhlanganisa izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi, i-viscosity, ubulukhuni nokuqina.Ama-polymers engeziwe alungele ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile angatholwa nge-copolymerization nama-monomers ngamaqembu asebenzayo we-hydroxyl, i-methyl noma i-carboxyl.
Izinto ezitholwe yi-polymerization ye-acrylate monomers zisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini, kodwa ama-monomers asele avame ukutholakala ezintweni ze-polymeric.Lawa ma-monomers asele angeke abangele kuphela ukucasuka kwesikhumba nezinye izinkinga, kodwa futhi abangele iphunga elibi emkhiqizweni wokugcina ngenxa yephunga elibi lawa ma-monomers.
Isistimu yokuhogela yomzimba womuntu ingakwazi ukuzwa i-acrylate monomer ekugxiliseni okuphansi kakhulu.Ezintweni eziningi ze-acrylate polymer, iphunga lemikhiqizo livela kakhulu kuma-acrylate monomers.Ama-monomer ahlukene anephunga elihlukile, kodwa buyini ubuhlobo phakathi kwesakhiwo se-monomer nephunga?U-Patrick Bauer waseFriedrich Alexander Universit ä t erlangen-n ü rnberg (Fau) eJalimane wafunda izinhlobo zephunga nephunga lochungechunge lwama-acrylate monomers athengiswayo futhi ahlanganisiwe.
Isamba sama-monomers angama-20 ahlolwe kulolu cwaningo.Lawa ma-monomer ahlanganisa ezohwebo kanye nelabhorethri ehlanganisiwe.Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi iphunga lalezi monomers lingahlukaniswa libe yisulfure, igesi elula, i-geranium kanye namakhowe.
I-1,2-propanediol diacrylate (No. 16), i-methyl acrylate (No. 1), i-ethyl acrylate (No. 2) ne-propyl acrylate (No. 3) ichazwa ngokuyinhloko njengephunga lesulfure negalikhi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinto ezimbili zokugcina nazo zichazwa njengephunga legesi elilula, kuyilapho i-ethyl acrylate ne-1,2-propylene glycol diacrylate inombono wephunga elincane leglue.I-Vinyl acrylate (No. 5) ne-propenyl acrylate (No. 6) zichazwa njengephunga likaphethiloli wegesi, kuyilapho i-1-hydroxyisopropyl acrylate (No. 10) ne-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (No. 12) ichazwa njengephunga le-geranium kanye negesi elula .I-N-butyl acrylate (No. 4), 3- (z) pentene acrylate (No. 7), SEC butyl acrylate (geranium, mushroom flavour; No. 8), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (No. 11), 4-methylamyl i-acrylate (amakhowe, ukunambitheka kwesithelo; No. 14) kanye ne-ethylene glycol diacrylate (No. 15) kuchazwa ngokuthi ukunambitheka kwamakhowe.I-Isobutyl acrylate (No. 9), i-2-ethylhexyl acrylate (No. 13), i-cyclopentanyl acrylate (No. 17) kanye ne-cyclohexane acrylate (No. 18) ichazwa njenge-carrot kanye nephunga le-Geranium.I-2-methoxyphenyl acrylate (No. 19) iphunga le-geranium ne-ham ebhemayo, kuyilapho i-isomer 4-methoxyphenyl acrylate yayo (No. 20) ichazwa njengephunga le-anise ne-fennel.
Imikhawulo yephunga lama-monomers ahloliwe abonise umehluko omkhulu.Lapha, i-threshold yephunga ibhekisela ekuhlanganiseni kwento ekhiqiza isikhuthazo esincane ekuboneni iphunga lomuntu, okwaziwa nangokuthi i-olfactory threshold.Ukuphakama komngcele wephunga, iphunga eliphansi.Kungabonakala emiphumeleni yokuhlola ukuthi i-threshold yephunga ithintwa kakhulu ngamaqembu asebenzayo kunobude beketango.Phakathi kwama-monomers angu-20 ahlolwe, i-2-methoxyphenyl acrylate (No. 19) kanye ne-SEC butyl acrylate (No. 8) yayinomkhawulo ophansi wephunga, okwakungu-0.068ng/lair no-0.073ng/lair, ngokulandelana.I-2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (No. 12) kanye ne-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (No. 11) ibonise umkhawulo ophezulu wephunga, owawuyi-106 ng / lair kanye ne-178 ng / lair, ngokulandelana, izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-5 kanye ne-9 ye-2-ethylhexyl i-acrylate (No. 13).
Uma kunezikhungo ze-chiral ku-molecule, izakhiwo ze-chiral ezihlukene nazo zinomthelela ephunga le-molecule.Nokho, asikho isifundo esiyimbangi okwamanje.Iketango eliseceleni ku-molecule nalo linethonya elithile ephunga le-monomer, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile.
I-Methyl acrylate (No. 1), i-ethyl acrylate (No. 2), i-propyl acrylate (No. 3) namanye ama-monomers amaketanga amafushane abonisa iphunga elifana nesulfure negalikhi, kodwa iphunga lizokwehla kancane kancane ngokunyuka kobude beketanga.Lapho ubude beketanga bukhula, iphunga likagalikhi lizokwehla, futhi iphunga elithile legesi elilula lizokhiqizwa.Ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni oluseceleni kunomthelela ekusebenzelaneni kwe-intermolecular, futhi kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu kumaseli athola iphunga, okuholela ezinzwa ezihlukene zephunga.Kuma-monomers ane-vinyl noma i-propenyl unsaturated double bond, okuyi-vinyl acrylate (No. 5) ne-propenyl acrylate (No. 6), abonisa kuphela iphunga likaphethiloli wegesi.Ngamanye amazwi, ukwethulwa kwesibopho sesibili se-capped unsaturated double kuholela ekunyamaleni kwesibabule noma iphunga likagalikhi.
Lapho iketango lekhabhoni linyuswa libe ama-athomu ekhabhoni angu-4 noma angu-5, iphunga elibonakalayo lizoshintsha ngokusobala lisuka kwisulfure nesweli liye kumakhowa kanye neGeranium.Sekukonke, i-cyclopentanyl acrylate (No. 17) ne-cyclohexane acrylate (No. 18), okuyi-aliphatic monomers, ibonisa iphunga elifanayo (iphunga le-geranium ne-carrot), futhi lihluke kancane.Ukwethulwa kwamaketanga aseceleni aliphatic akunawo umthelela omkhulu emuzweni wephunga.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-07-2022